(28% du total mondial)
Liste des bénéficiaires du prix Nobel de physique qui ont été, ou qui sont juifs (ou de demi-ascendance juive, voir note). Les pourcentages indiqués ci-dessus sont celles qui correspondent aux noms qui apparaissent explicitement sur la liste en dessous.
- Paul Ehrlich # (1908)
- Elie Metchnikoff #,1 (1908)
- Robert Bárány # (1914)
- Otto Meyerhof # (1922)
- Karl Landsteiner # (1930)
- Otto Warburg #,2 (1931)
- Otto Loewi # (1936)
- Joseph Erlanger # (1944)
- Herbert Gasser #,3 (1944)
- Sir Ernst Chain # (1945)
- Hermann Muller #,4 (1946)
- Gerty Cori 5 (1947)
- Tadeus Reichstein # (1950)
- Selman Waksman # (1952)
- Sir Hans Krebs # (1953)
- Fritz Lipmann # (1953)
- Joshua Lederberg # (1958)
- Arthur Kornberg # (1959)
- Konrad Bloch # (1964)
- Francois Jacob # (1965)
- André Lwoff # (1965)
- George Wald # (1967)
- Marshall Nirenberg # (1968)
- Salvador Luria # (1969)
- Julius Axelrod # (1970)
- Sir Bernard Katz # (1970)
- Gerald Edelman # (1972)
- David Baltimore # (1975)
- Howard Temin # (1975)
- Baruch Blumberg # (1976)
- Andrew Schally 6 (1977)
- Rosalyn Yalow # (1977)
- Daniel Nathans # (1978)
- Baruj Benacerraf # (1980)
- Sir John Vane 7 (1982)
- César Milstein # (1984)
- Michael Brown # (1985)
- Joseph Goldstein # (1985)
- Stanley Cohen # (1986)
- Rita Levi-Montalcini # (1986)
- Gertrude Elion # (1988)
- Harold Varmus # (1989)
- Edmond Fischer 8 (1992)
- Alfred Gilman 9 (1994)
- Martin Rodbell 10 (1994)
- Stanley Prusiner 11 (1997)
- Robert Furchgott 12 (1998)
- Paul Greengard 13 (2000)
- Eric Kandel 14 (2000)
- Sydney Brenner 15 (2002)
- H. Robert Horvitz 16 (2002)
- Richard Axel 17 (2004)
- Andrew Z. Fire 18 (2006)
- Others 19
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NOTES
# Encyclopaedia Judaica (1997 CD ROM edition).
1. Jewish mother, non-Jewish father.
2. Jewish father, non-Jewish mother.
3. Jewish father, non-Jewish mother.
4. Jewish mother, non-Jewish father.
5. Gerty Cori appears on some Jewish lists, but not on others. The most comprehensive biographical portrait of her is contained in Sharon McGrayne’s Nobel Prize Women in Science (Birch Lane, New York, NY, 1993). McGrayne’s account is based on interviews with more than a dozen of Cori’s close friends and associates, with the details of her religious background obtained from interviews with Professor Viktor Hamburger and Ann Cori. According to McGrayne, Cori was Jewish, but converted to Roman Catholicism prior to her marriage to Carl Cori in order to lessen the objections of his family, who felt that marriage to a Jewish woman would doom his prospects for an academic career in Europe. This is in close agreement with the note on Gerty Cori published by Joseph Larner in Biographical Memoirs, Volume 61 (National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1992, p. 112). Further confirmation can be found in the interview with Arthur Kornberg (1959) that appears in Candid Science II by István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2002, p. 58).
6. See The Timetables of Jewish History by Judah Gribetz (Simon and Schuster, New York, NY, 1993, p.634 ); Jews and Medicine, by Frank Heynick (KTAV, Hoboken, NJ, 2002, p. 574); and http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1977/schally-autobio.html .
7. Jewish father, non-Jewish mother, according to an interview published in Candid Science II by István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2002, p. 562).
8. Jewish father, non-Jewish mother, according to a follow-up dipatch issued by the Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) several days after publication of its October 14, 1992 story on that year’s Nobel Prizes, written by Tom Tugend. Fischer is a member of the Board of Governors of the Weizmann Institute.
9. See interview in Candid Science II, by István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2002, p. 245).
10. See http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1994/rodbell-autobio.html.
11. See http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/1997/prusiner-autobio.html.
12. The Furchgotts were one of the most prominent Jewish families in Charleston, SC, where Robert was born. See http://www.cofc.edu/~jhc/pages/fwfchas.html. See also the interview published in Candid Science II by István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2002, pp. 588-589).
13. Although born to Jewish parents, Greengard’s mother died in childbirth and he was raised as a Christian by a non-Jewish stepmother; see http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2000/greengard-autobio.html and interview in Candid Science V: Conversations with Famous Scientists, by Balazs Hargittai and István Hargittai (Imperial College Press, London, 2005, pp. 650-653).
14. See http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2000/kandel-autobio.html.
15. See http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2002/brenner-autobio.html.
16. See http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2002/horvitz-autobio.html.
17. See Encyclopaedia Judaica, Second Edition (Thomson Gale, Detroit, 2007, Vol. 2, pp. 755-756).
18. Son of Dr. Philip and Janet (née Sherak) Fire [see entry for Philip Fire in American Men & Women of Science: 22nd Edition (Thomson Gale, Detroit, 2005, Volume 2, C-F, p. 1154)]. Philip Fire is a past president (1951) of the MIT chapter of the national Jewish fraternity Alpha Epsilon Pi; see http://web.mit.edu/aepi/www/history5.shtml and
http://web.mit.edu/aepi/www/life.shtml. Janet Fire is the daughter of the late Rose (née Goldstein) Sherak. See also:
http://cgi.stanford.edu/group/wais/cgi-bin/index.php?p=5831.
19. Willem Einthoven (1926), whose name appears on several Jewish lists, had a Jewish paternal grandfather, but based on the biography by H. Snellen (Willem Einthoven, Kluwer, Boston, MA, 1995), it appears unlikely that any of his other grandparents were Jewish. Karl von Frisch (1973) appears to have had a Jewish maternal grandmother: see, e.g., p. 88 of http://www.speciesoforigin.org/FCKeditor/File/Najafi_The_Language_of_the_Bees.pdf. Other names that have appeared on such lists include those of Erwin Neher (1991), Bert Sakmann (1991), Richard Roberts (1993), Phillip Sharp (1993), and Edward Lewis (1995), none of whom appear to be of Jewish descent.